ATOMIC WEIGHTS
Standard Atomic Weights of the Elements,Recommended by the Commission on Atomic Weights and Isotopic Abundances of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (1997)(©1998IUPAC)
Standard atomic weights 1997[In alphabetical order:scaled to Ar(12C)=12,where 12Cis a neutral atom in its nuclear and electronic ground state]
The atomic weights of many elements are not invariant but depend on the origin and treatment of the material.The standard values of Ar(E)and the uncertainties (in parentheses,following the last significant figure to which they are attributed)apply to elements of natural terrestrial origin.The footnotes to this Table elaborate the types of variation which may occur for individual elements and which may be larger than the listed uncertainties of values of Ar(E).Names of elements with atomic numbers 110,111and 112are temporary.
| Name |
Atomic
Symbol |
Atomic
Number |
Atomic Weight |
Footnotes |
| Actinium* |
Ac |
89 |
|
|
| Aluminum |
Al |
13 |
26.981538(2) |
|
| Americium* |
Am |
95 |
|
|
| Antimony (Stibium) |
Sb |
51 |
121.760(1) |
g |
| Argon |
Ar |
18 |
39.948(1) |
g,r |
| Arsenic |
As |
33 |
74.92160(2) |
|
| Astatine* |
At |
85 |
|
|
| Barium |
Ba |
56 |
137.327(7) |
|
| Berkelium* |
Bk |
97 |
|
|
| Beryllium |
Be |
4 |
9.012182(3) |
|
| Bismuth |
Bi |
83 |
208.98038(2) |
|
| Bohrium* |
Bh |
107 |
|
|
| Boron |
B |
5 |
10.811(7) |
g,m,r |
| Bromine |
Br |
35 |
79.904(1) |
|
| Cadmium |
Cd |
48 |
112.411(8) |
g |
| Caesium (Cesium) |
Cs |
55 |
132.90545(2) |
|
| Calcium |
Ca |
20 |
40.078(4) |
g |
| Californium* |
Cf |
98 |
|
|
| Carbon |
C |
6 |
12.0107(8) |
g,r |
| Cerium |
Ce |
58 |
140.116(1) |
g |
| Chlorine |
Cl |
17 |
35.4527(9) |
m |
| Chromium |
Cr |
24 |
51.9961(6) |
|
| Cobalt |
Co |
27 |
58.933200(9) |
|
| Copper |
Cu |
29 |
63.546(3) |
r |
| Curium* |
Cm |
96 |
|
|
| Dubnium* |
Db |
105 |
|
|
| Dysprosium |
Dy |
66 |
162.50(3) |
g |
| Einsteinium* |
Es |
99 |
|
|
| Erbium |
Er |
68 |
167.26(3) |
g |
| Europium |
Eu |
63 |
151.964(1) |
g |
| Fermium* |
Fm |
100 |
|
|
| Fluorine |
F |
9 |
18.9984032(5) |
|
| Francium* |
Fr |
87 |
|
|
| Gadolinium |
Gd |
64 |
157.25(3) |
g |
| Gallium |
Ga |
31 |
69.723(1) |
|
| Germanium |
Ge |
32 |
72.61(2) |
|
| Gold |
Au |
79 |
196.96655(2) |
|
| Hafnium |
Hf |
72 |
178.49(2) |
|
| Hassium* |
Hs |
108 |
|
|
| Helium |
He |
2 |
4.002602(2) |
g,r |
| Holmium |
Ho |
67 |
164.93032(2) |
|
| Hydrogen |
H |
1 |
1.00794(7) |
g,m,r |
| Indium |
In |
49 |
114.818(3) |
|
| Iodine |
I |
53 |
126.90447(3) |
|
| Iridium |
Ir |
77 |
192.217(3) |
|
| Iron |
Fe |
26 |
55.845(2) |
|
| Krypton |
Kr |
36 |
83.80(1) |
g,m |
| Lanthanum |
La |
57 |
138.9055(2) |
g |
| Lawrencium* |
Lr |
103 |
|
|
| Lead |
Pb |
82 |
207.2(1) |
g,r |
| Lithium |
Li |
3 |
6.941(2)† |
g,m,r |
| Lutetium |
Lu |
71 |
174.967(1) |
g |
| Magnesium |
Mg |
12 |
24.3050(6) |
|
| Manganese |
Mn |
25 |
54.938049(9) |
|
| Meitnerium* |
Mt |
109 |
|
|
| Mendelevium* |
Md |
101 |
|
|
| Mercury |
Hg |
80 |
200.59(2) |
|
| Molybdenum |
Mo |
42 |
95.94(1) |
g |
| Neodymium |
Nd |
60 |
144.24(3) |
g |
| Neon |
Ne |
10 |
20.1797(6) |
g,m |
| Neptunium* |
Np |
93 |
|
|
| Nickel |
Ni |
28 |
58.6934(2) |
|
| Niobium* |
Nb |
41 |
92.90638(2) |
|
| Nitrogen |
N |
7 |
14.00674(7) |
g,r |
| Nobelium |
No |
102 |
|
|
| Osmium |
Os |
76 |
190.23(3) |
g |
| Oxygen |
O |
8 |
15.9994(3) |
g,r |
| Palladium |
Pd |
46 |
106.42(1) |
g |
| Phosphorus |
P |
15 |
30.973762(4) |
|
| Platinum |
Pt |
78 |
195.078(2) |
|
| Plutonium* |
Pu |
94 |
|
|
| Polonium* |
Po |
84 |
|
|
| Potassium (Kalium) |
K |
19 |
39.0983(1) |
|
| Praseodymium |
Pr |
59 |
140.90765(2) |
|
| Promethium* |
Pm |
61 |
|
|
| Protactinium* |
Pa |
91 |
231.03588(2) |
|
| Radium* |
Ra |
88 |
|
|
| Radon* |
Rn |
86 |
|
|
| Rhenium |
Re |
75 |
186.207(1) |
|
| Rhodium |
Rh |
45 |
102.90550(2) |
|
| Rubidium |
Rb |
37 |
85.4678(3) |
g |
| Ruthenium |
Ru |
44 |
101.07(2) |
g |
| Rutherfordium* |
Rf |
104 |
|
|
| Samarium |
Sm |
62 |
150.36(3) |
g |
| Scandium |
Sc |
21 |
44.955910(8) |
|
| Seaborgium* |
Sg |
106 |
|
|
| Selenium |
Se |
34 |
78.96(3) |
|
| Silicon |
Si |
14 |
28.0855(3) |
r |
| Silver |
Ag |
47 |
107.8682(2) |
g |
| Sodium (Natrium) |
Na |
11 |
22.989770(2) |
|
| Strontium |
Sr |
38 |
87.62(1) |
g,r |
| Sulfur |
S |
16 |
32.066(6) |
g,r |
| Tantalum |
Ta |
73 |
180.9479(1) |
|
| Technetium* |
Tc |
43 |
|
|
| Tellurium |
Te |
52 |
127.60(3) |
g |
| Terbium |
Tb |
65 |
158.92534(2) |
|
| Thallium |
Tl |
81 |
204.3833(2) |
|
| Thorium* |
Th |
90 |
232.0381(1) |
g |
| Thulium |
Tm |
69 |
168.93421(2) |
|
| Tin |
Sn |
50 |
118.710(7) |
g |
| Titanium |
Ti |
22 |
47.867(1) |
|
| Tungsten (Wolfram) |
W |
74 |
183.84(1) |
|
| Ununnilium* |
Uun |
110 |
|
|
| Unununium* |
Uuu |
111 |
|
|
| Ununbium* |
Uub |
112 |
|
|
| Uranium* |
U |
92 |
238.0289(1) |
g,m |
| Vanadium |
V |
23 |
50.9415(1) |
|
| Xenon |
Xe |
54 |
131.29(2) |
g,m |
| Ytterbium |
Yb |
70 |
173.04(3) |
g |
| Yttrium |
Y |
39 |
88.90585(2) |
|
| Zinc |
Zn |
30 |
65.39(2) |
|
| Zirconium |
Zr |
40 |
91.224(2) |
g |
|
*
Element has no stable nuclides.One or more well-known isotopes are given in the accompanying table with the appropriate relative atomic mass and half-life.However,three such elements (Th,Pa,and U)do have a characteristic terrestrial isotopic composition,and for these an atomic weight is tabulated.
†
Commercially available Li materials have atomic weights that are known to range between 6.939and 6.996;if a more accurate value is required,it must be determined for the specific material.
g
geological specimens are known in which the element has an isotopic composition outside the limits for normal material.The difference between the atomic weight of the element in such specimens and that given in the Table may exceed the stated uncertainty.
m
modified isotopic compositions may be found in commercially available material because it has been subjected to an undisclosed or inadvertent isotopic fractionation.Substantial deviations in atomic weight of the element from that given in the Table can occur.
r
range in isotopic composition of normal terrestrial material prevents a more precise Ar(E)being given;the tabulated Ar(E)value should be applicable to any normal material.
|
|